Atopic dermatitis

Atopic dermatitis

AD is a chronic skin disease that is characterized by dry, itchy skin and the occurrence of redness and blisters on the body, but can also appear on the scalp. It is one of the most common skin diseases that can occur in people of all ages, but most often affects children. The disease is caused by an allergic reaction of the skin to various environmental substances, such as pollen, dust, animal hair or food products. This disease can affect a patient’s quality of life, so it is important to treat and control symptoms properly.

It is a chronic skin disease that usually occurs in people who are prone to allergies. The causes of this condition are multifactorial and include:

1. Genetics – people with AD often have a family history of allergy or atopy.
2. Excessive reactivity of the immune system – in AD patients, the immune system overreacts to external stimuli, which leads to inflammation of the skin.
3. Damage to the skin barrier – people with AD have a weakened skin protective barrier, which makes it easier for allergens and irritants to penetrate.
4. Environment – external factors, such as pollen, dust, environmental pollution, can significantly worsen the symptoms of AD.
5. Allergic reactions – contact with allergens, such as animal hair, mites, pollen, can cause a skin reaction in people with AD.
6. Stress – stress can aggravate AD symptoms by affecting the immune and endocrine systems.
7. Nutrients – some foods can cause an allergic reaction in people with AD, which leads to worsening of symptoms.

In order to effectively treat AD, it is important to identify and eliminate the triggering factors, as well as to use appropriate pharmacological and skin care therapy. If atopic dermatitis is suspected, it is recommended to consult a dermatologist.

The symptoms of this disease may vary depending on the severity of the disease and the individual characteristics of the patient, but the most common are:

1. Dry, itchy and reddened skin.
2. Cracks and peeling of the skin.
3. Pimples, blisters or scabs on the skin.
4. Excessive skin dryness and roughness.
5. Severe itching that can lead to scratching and secondary skin infection.
6. Eczema is located primarily on the face, neck, hands, elbows and knees.
7. Increased skin reaction to allergens, irritating chemicals or stress.

In more severe cases of atopic dermatitis, symptoms such as deterioration of the general condition, fever, swelling of the skin, dryness of the mucous membranes or irregularities in the menstrual cycle in women may also occur. It is important to consult a dermatologist if you experience symptoms of atopic dermatitis in order to properly diagnose and treat the disease. AD is a chronic skin disease that is characterized by dry, itchy skin and the occurrence of redness and scaly patches.

There are many treatments for AD that can help alleviate symptoms and improve the patient’s quality of life. The most important treatment methods are:

1. Using moisturizing creams and ointments and emollients that help keep the skin moist and prevent it from drying out.
2. Drug treatments, such as the use of ointments or creams that contain corticosteroids, which help reduce inflammation and itching of the skin.
3. Use of antihistamines to relieve itching and improve sleep quality.
4. Avoid allergy triggers such as dust, dust mites, house dust, pet hair or chemicals.
5. Moisturise your skin regularly, avoid prolonged contact with irritants, and wear clothes made of natural materials.

It is also important to monitor your skin condition regularly and consult with a dermatologist to determine the optimal treatment plan. In the case of severe atopic dermatitis, your doctor may recommend additional treatments, such as phototherapy or immunosuppressive drugs.

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